The protein encoded by the IL-8 gene is a member of the CXC chemokine family. This chemokine is one of the major mediators of the inflammatory response. This chemokine is secreted by several cell types. It functions as a chemoattractant, and is also a potent angiogenic factor. Both monomer and homodimer forms of IL-8 were reported as potent inducers of CXCR1 and CXCR2, the homodimer proved to be more potent, however, methylation of Leu25 can block activity of the dimers. In humans, IL-8 is believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis, a common respiratory tract disease caused by viral infection. This gene and other ten members of the CXC chemokine gene family form a chemokine gene cluster in a region mapped to chromosome 4q.
Primary function of IL-8 is the induction of chemotaxis in its target cells (e.g. neutrophil granulocytes). In neutrophils series of cell-physiological responses required for migration and its target function phagocytosis are also induced like increase of intracellular Ca2+, exocytosis (e.g. histamine release), respiratory burst. IL-8 can be secreted by any cells with toll-like receptors which are involved in the innate immune response. IL-8's primary function is to recruit neutrophils to phagocytose the antigen which trigger the antigen pattern toll-like receptors.
When first encountering an antigen, the primary cells to encounter it are the macrophages who phagocytose the particle. Upon processing, they release chemokines to signal other immune cells to come in to the site of inflammation. IL-8 is one such chemokine. It serves as a chemical signal that attracts neutrophils at the site of inflammation, and therefore is also known as neutrophil chemotactic factor.
Primary function of IL-8 is the induction of chemotaxis in its target cells (e.g. neutrophil granulocytes). In neutrophils series of cell-physiological responses required for migration and its target function phagocytosis are also induced like increase of intracellular Ca2+, exocytosis (e.g. histamine release), respiratory burst. IL-8 can be secreted by any cells with toll-like receptors which are involved in the innate immune response. IL-8's primary function is to recruit neutrophils to phagocytose the antigen which trigger the antigen pattern toll-like receptors.
When first encountering an antigen, the primary cells to encounter it are the macrophages who phagocytose the particle. Upon processing, they release chemokines to signal other immune cells to come in to the site of inflammation. IL-8 is one such chemokine. It serves as a chemical signal that attracts neutrophils at the site of inflammation, and therefore is also known as neutrophil chemotactic factor.
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