LIF Homology Across Species

Bovine, Canine Rabbit, and Swine Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Recombinant Proteins are available from Kingfisher Biotech. Leukemia inhibitory factor, or LIF, is a member of the IL-6 family. LIF affects cell growth by inhibiting differentiation. When LIF levels drop, the cells differentiate. 

Bovine Dendritic Cell Growth Cocktail

Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells of the immune system. Their main function is to process antigen material and present it on the cell surface to the T cells of the immune system. They act as messengers between the innate and the adaptive immune systems.

Dendritic cells are present in those tissues that are in contact with the external environment (e.g., skin, inner lining of the nose, lungs, stomach and intestines). Once activated, dendritic cells migrate to the lymph nodes where they interact with T cells and B cells to initiate and shape the adaptive immune response. During development Dendritic cells grow branched projections, the dendrites . CD209, also know as DC-SIGN, is exclusively expressed on dentritic cells in tissues, as well as on in vitro induced monocyte-derived-DC (MoDC).

Kingfisher Biotech now offers a Bovine Dendritic Cell Growth Cocktail - Catalog Number RPC0926B-001.

Bovine Dendritic Cell Differentiation

Bovine Dendritic Cells

Rabbit and Canine Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) Recombinant Proteins

Kingfisher Biotech's Rabbit and Canine Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) recombinant proteins can be used in cell culture, as an LIF ELISA Standard, and as a Western Blot Control. Leukemia inhibitory factor, or LIF, is a member of the IL-6 family. LIF affects cell growth by inhibiting differentiation. When LIF levels drop, the cells differentiate. Leukemia inhibitory factor derives its name from its ability to induce the terminal differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells, thus preventing their continued growth. Other properties attributed to LIF include: the growth promotion and cell differentiation of different types of target cells, influence on bone metabolism, cachexia, neural development, embryogenesis and inflammation. p53 regulated LIF has been shown to facilitate implantation in the mouse model and possibly in humans. Removal of LIF pushes stem cells toward differentiation, but they retain their proliferative potential or pluripotency. LIF is typically added to stem cell culture medium to reduce spontaneous differentiation.

Kingfisher Biotech's LIF recombinant proteins are intended for use in animal model and animal health research. Our portfolio includes bovine, canine, and rabbit Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) recombinant proteins. We will be adding Swine Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) recombinant protein soon.

IFN gamma Recombinant Proteins - Bovine, Canine, Chicken, Dolphin, Equine, Feline, Human, Mouse, Ovine, Rabbit, and Swine

Bovine, Canine, Chicken, Dolphin, Equine, Feline, Human, Mouse, Ovine, Rabbit, and Swine IFN gamma Recombinant Proteins

IFN-gamma, or type II interferon, is a cytokine that is critical for innate and adaptive immunity against viral and intracellular bacterial infections and for tumor control. Aberrant IFN-gamma expression is associated with a number of autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The importance of IFN-gamma in the immune system stems in part from its ability to inhibit viral replication directly, but, most important, derives from its immunostimulatory and immunomodulatory effects. IFN-gamma is produced predominantly by natural killer (NK) and natural killer T (NKT) cells as part of the innate immune response, and by CD4 and CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) effector T cells once antigen-specific immunity develops.

Kingfisher Biotech offers bovine, canine, chicken, dolphin, equine, feline, human, mouse, ovine, rabbit, and swine IFN gamma recombinant proteins. Our proteins are produced in yeast, making them naturally endotoxin-free - perfect for cell culture applications. 

IFN gamma Homology Across Species

Deglycosylation of Bovine IL-6 (RP0014B)

Kingfisher Biotech expresses recombinant proteins in yeast so they are potentially post-translationally modified. Bovine IL-6 has a calculated molecular weight of 20.6 kDa. The Kingfisher Biotech Bovine IL-6 (RP0014B) recombinant protein was treated with deglycosylation enzymes using NEB kit Protein Deglycosylation Mix  (NEB Catalog No. P6039S) to determine if the protein produced in yeast is glycosylated. The results show that Bovine IL-6 shifts in molecular weight when treated with the deglycosylation enzymes; the smear of higher MW material appears to be reduced to a single band migrating with the 22/28 kDa doublet standards. The bands showing the molecular weight of the deglycosylation enzymes are also visible. This data suggests Kingfisher Biotech's Bovine IL-6 recombinant protein produced in yeast is glycosylated.

Lane	Sample
1	Standards-PAGE gel Two-Color SDS Protein Ladder
2	Bovine IL-6 KFB RP0014B-025 - untreated
3	Bovine IL-6 KFB RP0014B-025 - denatured
4	Bovine IL-6 KFB RP0014B-025 - denatured and deglycosylated
5	Standards-PAGE gel Two-Color SDS Protein Ladder

MW of Standards: 7.6, 12, 22/28 doublet, 33, 48, 71, 96, 142, 195 kDa. 
16% Acrylamide SDS-PAGE Gel (Expedeon)

Swine Erythropoietin Do-It-Yourself ELISA

Erythropoietin (EPO) is an essential hormone for red blood cell production. Without it, definitive erythropoiesis does not take place. Erythropoietin has its primary effect on red blood cell progenitors and precursors by promoting their survival through protecting these cells from apoptosis. It is the primary erythropoietic factor that cooperates with various other growth factors (e.g., IL-3, IL-6, glucocorticoids, and SCF) involved in the development of erythroid lineage from multipotent progenitors. Erythropoietin has a range of actions including vasoconstriction-dependent hypertension, stimulating angiogenesis, and inducing proliferation of smooth muscle fibers. It can increase iron absorption by suppressing the hormone hepcidin.

The Swine Erythropoietin (EPO) Do-It-Yourself ELISA contains capture antibody, standard, and detection antibody for development of a Swine EPO ELISA. The antibodies have been determined to function in an ELISA with the standard provided. Optimal buffers, concentrations, incubation times, incubation temperatures, and methods for the ELISA have not been determined. A working knowledge of ELISA is strongly recommended. The quantities of components provided are not matched. Components may also be purchased separately. 

Component	Usage	Quantity	Catalog #
Anti-Swine Erythropoietin PAb	Capture Antibody	100 µg	KP1003S-100
Biotinylated Anti-Swine Erythropoietin PAb	Detection Antibody	50 µg	KPB1004S-050
Swine Erythropoietin Protein	Standard	5 µg	RP0938S-005

Equine IFNβ1 Do-It-Yourself ELISA

Type I interferons comprise a vast and growing group of IFN proteins. Homologous molecules to type I IFNs are found in many species, including all mammals, and some have been identified in birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish species. The mammalian types are designated IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-κ, IFN-δ, IFN-ε, IFN-τ, IFN-ω, and IFN-ζ (also known as limitin). They are mainly involved in innate immune response against viral infection.

The Equine IFNβ1 Do-It-Yourself ELISA contains capture antibody, standard, and detection antibody for development of a Equine IFNβ1 ELISA. The antibodies have been determined to function in an ELISA with the standard provided. Optimal buffers, concentrations, incubation times, incubation temperatures, and methods for the ELISA have not been determined. A working knowledge of ELISA is strongly recommended. The quantities of components provided are not matched. Components may also be purchased separately. 

Component	Usage	Quantity	Catalog #
Anti-Equine IFNβ1 PAb	Capture Antibody	100 µg	KPB1001E-100
Biotinylated Anti-Equine IFNβ1 PAb	Detection Antibody	50 µg	KPB1002E-050
Equine IFNβ1 Protein	Standard	5 µg	RP935E-005

The Equine IFNβ1 Do-It-Yourself ELISA is intended for use in animal model and animal health research.

Bovine Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) Recombinant Protein

Kingfisher Biotech's Bovine Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) recombinant protein can be used in cell culture, as an LIF ELISA Standard, and as a Western Blot Control. Leukemia inhibitory factor, or LIF, is a member of the IL-6 family. LIF affects cell growth by inhibiting differentiation. When LIF levels drop, the cells differentiate. Leukemia inhibitory factor derives its name from its ability to induce the terminal differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells, thus preventing their continued growth. Other properties attributed to LIF include: the growth promotion and cell differentiation of different types of target cells, influence on bone metabolism, cachexia, neural development, embryogenesis and inflammation. p53 regulated LIF has been shown to facilitate implantation in the mouse model and possibly in humans. Removal of LIF pushes stem cells toward differentiation, but they retain their proliferative potential or pluripotency. LIF is typically added to stem cell culture medium to reduce spontaneous differentiation.Kingfisher Biotech's Bovine Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) recombinant protein is intended for use in animal model and animal health research.

CCL5 Recombinant Proteins - Bovine, Canine, Chicken, Equne, Guinea Pig, Human, Mouse, Swine

RANTES/CCL5 recombinant proteins can be used in cell culture, as an RANTES/CCL5 ELISA Standard, and as a Western Blot Control. CCL5, also know as RANTES (regulated and normal T cell expressed and secreted) is a member of the C-C Chemokine Family. There are at least 27 distinct members of the C-C subgroup reported for mammals. RANTES (CCL5) is chemotactic for T cells, eosinophils, and basophils, and plays an active role in recruiting leukocytes into inflammatory sites. CCL5 plays a role in many disease states, including rheumatoid arthritis, HIV, and cancer. CCL5/RANTES recombinant proteins are intended for use in animal model and animal health research.

Bovine CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 25 micrograms	RP0062B-025	25 ug
Bovine CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 5 micrograms	RP0062B-005	5 ug
Canine CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 25 micrograms	RP0454D-025	25 ug
Canine CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 5 micrograms	RP0454D-005	5 ug
Chicken CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 25 micrograms	RP0982C-025	25 ug
Chicken CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 5 micrograms	RP0982C-005	5 ug
Equine CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 25 micrograms	RP0070E-025	25 ug
Equine CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 5 micrograms	RP0070E-005	5 ug
Guinea Pig CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 25 micrograms	RP0348GP-025	25 ug
Guinea Pig CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 5 micrograms	RP0348GP-005	5 ug
Human CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 25 micrograms	RP0983H-025	25 ug
Human CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 5 micrograms	RP0983H-005	5 ug
Mouse CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 25 micrograms	RP0984M-025	25 ug
Mouse CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 5 micrograms	RP0984M-005	5 ug
Swine CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 100 micrograms	RP0059S-100	100 ug
Swine CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 25 micrograms	RP0059S-025	25 ug
Swine CCL5 (RANTES) Recombinant Protein - 5 micrograms	RP0059S-005	5 ug

Canine, Equine, and Swine Erythropoietin Recombinant Proteins

Erythropoietin (EPO) is an essential hormone for red blood cell production. Without it, definitive erythropoiesis does not take place. Erythropoietin has its primary effect on red blood cell progenitors and precursors by promoting their survival through protecting these cells from apoptosis. It is the primary erythropoietic factor that cooperates with various other growth factors (e.g., IL-3, IL-6, glucocorticoids, and SCF) involved in the development of erythroid lineage from multipotent progenitors. Erythropoietin has a range of actions including vasoconstriction-dependent hypertension, stimulating angiogenesis, and inducing proliferation of smooth muscle fibers. It can increase iron absorption by suppressing the hormone hepcidin. EPO is highly glycosylated, with half-life in blood around five hours. The half-life of EPO may vary between endogenous and various recombinant versions. Additional glycosylation or other alterations of EPO via recombinant technology have led to increased stability in blood. EPO binds to the erythropoietin receptor on the red cell progenitor surface and activates a JAK2 signaling cascade. Erythropoietin receptor expression is found in a number of tissues, such as bone marrow and peripheral/central nervous tissue. In the bloodstream, red cells themselves do not express erythropoietin receptor, so cannot respond to EPO. However, indirect dependence of red cell longevity in the blood on plasma erythropoietin levels has been reported, a process termed neocytolysis. Kigfisher Biotech's recombinant Erythropoietin proteins are intended for use in animal model and animal health research and can be used in cell culture, as an EPO ELISA Standard, and as a Western Blot Control. Canine, equine, and swine EPO recombinant proteins are now available from Kingfisher Biotech.

Kingfisher Biotech, Inc. is committed to accelerating basic veterinary research and human disease research done in animal models by developing and commercializing research reagents specific for a variety of species, including bovine, canine, caprine, chicken, dolphin, equine, feline, guinea pig, hamster, human, mouse, ovine, rabbit, rat, swine, and turkey. We will continue to add species as our customer request specific reagents for their research. Currently, we offer over 1200 recombinant proteins, polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies and ELISA kits for animal health and animal model research. Our products are primarily cytokines, chemokines, interferons, and growth factors. Our product development queue is filled mainly by customer requests. If there is a product that you are looking for and can't find, please send us an email.

sCD40 Ligand - Canine, Chicken, Equine, & Swine Recombinant Proteins

CD40 Ligand (CD40LG) is a transmembrane protein that is a member of the TNF superfamily. In addition to existing in a membrane bound form, CD40LG can also be released as a soluble molecule (sCD40LG), which has been shown to have biological functions.

CD40 interacts with CD40 ligand (aka CD40LG, TNFSF5 or CD154), which is predominantly expressed on activated CD4+ T-cells. CD40LG is transiently expressed on activated T-cells and plays a crucial role in B-cell function. Activated T-cells expressing CD40LG can also interact with CD40 on endothelial cells to induce production of inflammatory cytokines. The transient expression of CD40LG allows T-cells to stimulate selected CD40-bearing cells to participate in the immune response. Increased levels of sCD40LG have been measured in patients with SLE, RA, inflammatory bowel diseases, systemic sclerosis, and Sjogren's syndrome. In culture, canine sCD40LG was shown to promote the maturation and activation of canine monocyte derived Dendritic cells. Kingfisher Biotech now offers canine, chicken, equine, and swine sCD40 Ligand recombinant proteins. The soluble CD40LG recombinant proteins can be used in cell culture, as an CD40LG ELISA Standard, and as a Western Blot Control and are intended for use in animal model and animal health research.

Kingfisher Biotech Announces the Launch of Bovine GM-CSF Protein

Bovine GM-CSF is glycosylated in nature; Kingfisher Biotech’s bovine GM-CSF is produced in yeast so it is glycosylated, making it more likely to mimic natural bovine GM-CSF.

Kingfisher Biotech’s bovine GM-CSF protein has been shown to be a superior product for use in cell culture. The biological activity of recombinant bovine GM-CSF was confirmed by an independent lab in a cell proliferation assay using the human TF-1 cell line. The ED50 for this effect was determined to be 2.5 – 4.0 ng/mL.

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a protein secreted by macrophages, T cells, mast cells, NK cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. GM-CSF stimulates stem cells to produce granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) and monocytes. Granulocyte macrophage–colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is secreted in response to inflammatory stimuli such as LPS, IL-1, and TNF-α by a variety of different cells, including endothelium, fibroblasts, muscle cells, and macrophages, and by activated T cells. GM-CSF is glycosylated in its mature form.

Bovine GM-CSF protein was produced in yeast without the use of tags. Proteins produced in yeast are naturally endotoxin free, properly folded, biologically active, and may be post-translationally modified. Many scientists find that these properties make proteins produced in yeast preferable over E. coli-produced proteins.

Bovine GM-CSF is lyophilized, available in convenient sizes (5, 25, and 100 micrograms) and in-stock ready to ship. Additional information, including product specifications and ordering information can be found at http://www.kingfisherbiotech.com.

Kingfisher Biotech is focused on providing kits and reagents to the animal health and animal model research community. Currently, the Kingfisher Biotech product portfolio contains over 750 products. Kingfisher Biotech products are supplied for research applications. They are not intended for medicinal, diagnostic or therapeutic use.